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知乎专栏多维度架构

1.8. Proxy

ngx_http_proxy_module

# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  4;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  40960;
        use epoll;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    access_log  /dev/null;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

upstream backend{
#        server 172.16.0.6:80;
        server 10.0.0.68:80;
        server 10.0.0.69:80;
}


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

#        location / {
#            root   html;
#            index  index.html index.htm;
#        }

    access_log  /dev/null;
    error_log   /dev/null;


    location / {
#        proxy_pass $scheme://$host$request_uri;
#        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

#        proxy_buffers 256 4k;
#        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

#        proxy_connect_timeout 30;

#        proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;
#        proxy_cache_valid 301 1h;
#        proxy_cache_valid any 1m;



         proxy_pass      http://backend;

         proxy_redirect          off;
         proxy_set_header        Host $host;
#         proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#         proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         client_max_body_size    10m;
         client_body_buffer_size 128k;
         proxy_connect_timeout   30;
         proxy_send_timeout      30;
         proxy_read_timeout      30;
         proxy_buffer_size       4k;
         proxy_buffers           256 4k;
         proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
         proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
        tcp_nodelay on;
    }


        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

}
	

1.8.1. proxy_cache

/etc/nginx/conf.d/

proxy_cache_path /www/cache keys_zone=www:128m;
server {
	
	location / {
      proxy_pass http://example.net;
      proxy_cache www;
      proxy_cache_key $uri;
      proxy_cache_valid  200 302  60m;
      proxy_cache_valid  404      1m;
    }
}
		

proxy_cache_valid 配置HTTP状态码与缓存时间

proxy_cache_valid any 1m; 任何内容缓存一分钟

proxy_cache_valid  200 302  60m; 状态200,302页面缓存 60分钟

proxy_cache_valid  404      1m;	 状态404页面缓存1分钟	
		
http {
  proxy_cache_path  /var/www/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my-cache:8m max_size=1000m inactive=600m;
  proxy_temp_path /var/www/cache/tmp;


  server {
    location / {
      proxy_pass http://example.net;
      proxy_cache mycache;
      proxy_cache_valid  200 302  60m;
      proxy_cache_valid  404      1m;
    }
  }
}
		
location / {
  proxy_pass http://localhost;
  proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
  proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
  proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie;
  proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control;
  proxy_cache_bypass        $http_secret_header;
  add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;
}
		
server {
          listen       80;
          server_name  example.org;
          root   /var/www;
          index  index.html index.php;

	location ~* .+.(ico|jpg|gif|jpeg|css|js|flv|png|swf)$ {
           	expires max;
	}

	location / {
		proxy_pass       http://backend;
		proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
		proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
		proxy_cache cache;
		proxy_cache_key $host$request_uri;
		proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
		proxy_cache_valid 302 301 12h;
		proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
		proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires;
		proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
	}

}
		
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;
proxy_cache_valid 301      1h;
proxy_cache_valid any      1m;
		

1.8.2. rewrite + proxy_pass

需求如下

		
http://www.example.com/images/logo.jpg	=> http://images.example.com/logo.jpg
		
		

如果直接 proxy_pass http://images.example.com; 的后果是http://images.example.com/images/logo.jpg,我们需要去掉images目录,这里使用rewrite /images/(.+)$ /$1 break;实现

    location ^~ /images/ {
                rewrite /images/(.+)$ /$1 break;
                proxy_pass http://images.example.com;
                break;
    }
		

1.8.3. request_filename + proxy_pass

如果文件不存在,那么去指定的节点上寻找

   location / {
        root  /www;
        proxy_intercept_errors  on;
        if (!-f $request_filename) {
          proxy_pass http://172.16.1.1;
          break;
        }
    }
	location / {
        root  /www/images;
        proxy_intercept_errors  on;
        if (!-f $request_filename) {
          proxy_pass http://172.16.1.2;
          break;
        }
    }
		

1.8.4. $request_uri 与 proxy_pass 联合使用

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  info.example.com;

    #charset koi8-r;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/info.example.com.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /www/example.com/info.example.com;
        index  index.html index.htm;

	rewrite ^/$  http://www.example.com/;

	valid_referers none blocked *.example.com;
	if ($invalid_referer) {
		#rewrite ^(.*)$  http://www.example.com/cn/$1;
		return 403;
	}

        proxy_intercept_errors  on;
#	    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
#            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#            proxy_set_header  Host            $host;
#
#            proxy_cache one;
#            proxy_cache_valid  200 302 304 10m;
#            proxy_cache_valid  301 1h;
#            proxy_cache_valid  any 1m;

        if ( $request_uri ~ "^/public/datas/(sge|cgse|futures|fx_price|gold_price|stock|bonds)\.xml$") {
                proxy_pass http://211.176.212.212$request_uri;
		break;
        }

        if (!-f $request_filename) {

          proxy_pass http://infoadmin.example.com;
          #proxy_pass http://backend;
          break;
        }
    }

    location ~ ^/index\.php$ {
	return 403;
    }
    location ~ ^/(config|include|crontab|/systemmanage)/ {
	deny all;
	break;
    }
    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

}
		

1.8.5. try_files 与 proxy_pass 共用

需求,在web目录下索引静态,如果不存在便进入proxy处理,通常proxy后面是tomcat等应用服务器。

我们可以使用 try_files 与 proxy_pass 实现我们的需求

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  m.netkiller.cn;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/m.netkiller.cn.access.log;

    location / {
		root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
		try_files $uri $uri/ @proxy;
    }

    location @proxy {
		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}

    location ~ ^/WEB-INF/ {
        deny  all;
    }
	
    location ~ \.(html|js|css|jpg|png|gif|swf)$ {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
        expires 1d;
    } 
    location ~ \.(ico|fla|flv|mp3|mp4|wma|wmv|exe)$ {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
        expires 7d;
    }
    location ~ \.flv {
        flv;
    }

    location ~ \.mp4$ {
        mp4;
    }

    location /module {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
    }	

}

		

1.8.6. Proxy 与 SSI

背景:nginx + tomcat 模式,nginx 开启 SSI , Tomcat 动态页面中输出 SSI 标签

		
# cat  /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.netkiller.cn.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.netkiller.cn;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/www.netkiller.cn.access.log;

    location / {
        #index  index.html index.htm;
		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}		
		
		

test.jsp 文件

		
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,java.text.SimpleDateFormat" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
	<head>
	<title>show time</title>
</head>
<body>
<%

	Date date=new Date();
    SimpleDateFormat ss=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    String lgtime=ss.format(date);
%>
	<center>
	<h1><%=lgtime%></h1>
	</center>

	<!--# set var="test" value="Hello netkiller!" -->
	<!--# echo var="test" -->

</body>	
</html>
		
		

测试并查看源码,你会看到SSI标签

		
	<!--# set var="test" value="Hello netkiller!" -->
	<!--# echo var="test" -->		
		
		

解决方案

		
    location / {
        ssi on;
        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
		
		

再次测试,你将看不到SSI标签,只能看到文本输出Hello netkiller!

1.8.7. Host

Proxy 通过IP地址访问目的主机,如果目的主机是虚拟主机,你就需要告诉目的主机是那个域名。

proxy_set_header Host www.example.com;

proxy_set_header Host $server_name;

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.example.com;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/www.example.com.access.log  main;
    
    proxy_set_header   Host $server_name;
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://154.21.16.57;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
		

1.8.8. expires

location / {
    root /var/www;
    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_redirect false;

    if ($request_uri ~* "\.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)\?[0-9]+$") {
        expires max;
        break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename) {
        break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename/index.html) {
        rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename.html) {
        rewrite (.*) $1.html break;
    }

    proxy_pass http://backend;
}
		

1.8.9. X-Forwarded-For

proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
		

1.8.10. X-Sendfile

http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxXSendfile

1.8.11. proxy_http_version

proxy_http_version 1.0 | 1.1;

1.8.12. proxy_set_header

proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;		
proxy_set_header User-Agent "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.6; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0; InfoPath.2; SLCC1; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727) 3gpp-gba UNTRUSTED/1.0";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-URI $request_uri;
		

1.8.13. 隐藏头部信息

例如响应头:

		
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date: Thu, 04 Feb 2018 02:20:36 GMT
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.0		
		
		

隐藏 PHP 版本信息

		
proxy_hide_header X-Powered-By;		
		
		

1.8.14. 忽略头

		
location /images/ {
    proxy_cache my_cache;
    proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control;
    proxy_cache_valid any 30m;
    ...
}		
		
		

1.8.15. proxy_pass_request_headers 透传 Header

有时用户会设置自定义的 HTTP 头信息,这些不符合 HTTP 的头信息如果需要会被 proxy_pass 过滤并丢弃。

		
proxy_pass_request_headers off;
		
		

默认系统是开启的

		
proxy_pass_request_headers on;		
		
		

1.8.16. timeout 超时时间

proxy_connect_timeout: 链接超时设置,后端服务器连接的超时时间,发起握手等候响应超时时间。

proxy_read_timeout: 连接成功后,等候后端服务器响应时间,其实已经进入后端的排队之中等候处理,也可以说是后端服务器处理请求的时间。

proxy_send_timeout: 后端服务器数据回传时间,就是在规定时间之内后端服务器必须传完所有的数据。

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
        proxy_read_timeout 300s;
        proxy_send_timeout 300s;
    }

		

1.8.17. sub_filter 文本替换

		
	proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding ""; # 防止网站gzip
	sub_filter '景峰' '景峯'; # 有效
	sub_filter 'neo' 'netkiller';
	sub_filter_once off;	# 全部替换		
		
		

1.8.18. 站外代理

		
	location /neo {
            proxy_pass  https://www.netkiller.cn;
            proxy_redirect     off;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

    }		
		
		

1.8.19. example

/api/ 走代理,其他页面走 Nginx

1.8.19.1. 代理特定目录

			
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name  www.netkiller.cn netkiller.cn;

    ssl_certificate ssl/netkiller.cn.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key ssl/netkiller.cn.key;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:20m;
    ssl_session_timeout 60m;

    charset utf-8;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /opt/netkiller.cn/www.netkiller.cn;
        index  index.html;
    }

    location ^~ /api/ {	
	proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
		proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
		break;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny  all;
    }

}
			
			

1.8.19.2. upstream 实例

127.0.0.1 		api.example.com
172.16.0.10 	api1.example.com
172.16.0.11 	api2.example.com
			
upstream api.example.com {
    least_conn;
    server api1.example.com;
    server api2.example.com;
}

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  api.example.com;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/api.example.com.access.log;

    location / {
		proxy_pass        http://api.example.com;
		proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
		#proxy_set_header Host $host;
		proxy_set_header Host api.example.com;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}
}
			

1.8.19.3. Tomcat 实例

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  m.netkiller.cn;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/m.netkiller.cn.access.log;

    location / {
		root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
		rewrite ^(.*)\;jsessionid=(.*)$ $1 break;
		try_files $uri $uri/ @proxy;
    }

    location @proxy {
		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}

    location ~ ^/WEB-INF/ {
        deny  all;
    }
	
    location ~ \.(html|js|css|jpg|png|gif|swf)$ {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
        expires 1d;
    } 
    location ~ \.(ico|fla|flv|mp3|mp4|wma|wmv|exe)$ {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
        expires 7d;
    }
    location ~ \.flv {
        flv;
    }

    location ~ \.mp4$ {
        mp4;
    }

    location /module {
        root /www/example.com/m.example.com;
    }	

}
			

上面的jsessionid处理方式

1.8.19.4. Nginx -> Nginx -> Tomcat

背景各种原因需要再Nginx前面再增加一层Nginx虽然需求很变态,本着学习的目的试了试。

这里还使用了 http2 加速 nginx ssl http2 -> nginx ssl http2 -> Tomcat 8080

    server {
        listen       443 ssl http2;
        server_name  www.netkiller.cn;

        ssl_certificate      ssl/netkiller.cn.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key  ssl/netkiller.cn.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {

	        proxy_buffers 16 4k;
	        proxy_buffer_size 2k;
	
	        proxy_pass https://www.netkiller.cn;
	        proxy_pass_header   Set-Cookie;
	        add_header From     www.netkiller.cn;
	        proxy_set_header    Cookie $http_cookie;
	        proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
	        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP   $remote_addr;
	        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	        proxy_cookie_domain www.netkiller.cn netkiller.cn;
	        #proxy_cookie_path / "/; secure; HttpOnly";
	        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
	        proxy_ignore_client_abort  on;

        }
    }
			

有几点需要注意:

如果是443你需要挂在证书,需要透传cookie给目的主机,否则你将无法支持Session,应用程序需要从 X-Forwarded-For 获取IP地址。

1.8.19.5. Proxy 处理 Cookie

下面是一个通过 proxy_pass 代理live800的案例,我们需要处理几个地方:

Host头处理,Cookie传递,替换原因页面中的域名,替换文件有html,css,xml,css,js

			
    location ~ ^/k800 {
        #rewrite              ^/live800/(.*)  /$1 break;

        proxy_pass           http://118.23.24.15;
        proxy_pass_header   Set-Cookie;
        proxy_set_header    Accept-Encoding "";
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header    Host www.example.com;
        proxy_set_header    Cookie $http_cookie;

        sub_filter_types text/html text/css text/xml text/css text/javascript;
        sub_filter 'www.example.com'  '$host';
        sub_filter_once off;
    }			
			
			

1.8.19.6. Proxy 添加 CORS 头

			
server {
    listen       80;
    listen 443 ssl http2;

    server_name api.netkiller.cn;
    ssl_certificate ssl/netkiller.cn.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key ssl/netkiller.cn.key;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:20m;
    ssl_session_timeout 60m;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

    charset utf-8;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/api.netkiller.cn.access.log  main;

    location / {
        proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:7000;
    }

    location ^~ /api {
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers Content-Type,Origin;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,OPTIONS;
        proxy_pass http://other.example.com/api/;
    }
}
			
			

1.8.19.7. 通过 Proxy 汉化 restful 接口

通过 proxy 汉化 restful 接口返回的 json 字符串。

背景,有这样一个需求,前端HTML5通过ajax与restful交互,ajax会显示接口返回json数据,由于js做了混淆无法修改与restful交互的逻辑,但是json反馈结果需要汉化。

汉化前接口如下,返回message为 "message":"Full authentication is required to access this resource"

			
neo@netkiller ~/workspace/Developer/Python % curl http://api.netkiller.cn/restful/member/get/1.json

{"timestamp":1505206067543,"status":401,"error":"Unauthorized","message":"Full authentication is required to access this resource","path":"/restful/member/get/1.json"}   
			
			

建立一个代理服务器,代理介于用户和接口之间,ajax 访问接口需要经过这个代理服务器中转。

增加 /etc/nginx/conf.d/api.netkiller.cn.conf 配置文件

			
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name api.netkiller.cn;

	charset utf-8;
	
	location / {
		proxy_pass http://localhost:8443;
		proxy_http_version 1.1;
		proxy_set_header    Host    $host;

		sub_filter_types application/json; 
        sub_filter 'Full authentication is required to access this resource'  '用户验证错误';
        sub_filter_once off;
	}

}
			
			

所谓汉化就是字符串替换,使用nginx sub_filter 模块。

重新启动 nginx 然后测试汉化效果

			
neo@netkiller ~/workspace/Developer/Python % curl http://api.netkiller.cn/restful/member/get/1.json

{"timestamp":1505208931927,"status":401,"error":"Unauthorized","message":"用户验证错误","path":"/restful/member/get/1.json"}   
			
			

现在我们看到效果是 "message":"用户验证错误"

1.8.19.8. HTTP2 proxy_pass http://

			
server {
    listen       80;
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name  www.netkiller.cn netkiller.cn;

    ssl_certificate ssl/netkiller.cn.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key ssl/netkiller.cn.key;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:20m;
    ssl_session_timeout 60m;

    charset utf-8;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    error_page  497              https://$host$uri?$args;

    if ($scheme = http) {
        return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }

    location ^~ /member/ {
        proxy_pass https://47.75.176.32:443;
		proxy_set_header    Host www.netkiller.cn;
        break;
    }

    location / {
        root   /opt/www.netkiller.cn;
        index  index.html index.php;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /opt/www.netkiller.cn$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny  all;
    }

}
			
			

1.8.19.9. IPFS

			
mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/ipfs
chown nginx:root /var/cache/nginx/ipfs			
			
			
			
proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx/ipfs keys_zone=ipfs:4096m;
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/ipfs.access.log;

    location / {
	proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_cache ipfs;
        proxy_cache_valid  200 30d;
	    expires max;
    }

    location ~* .+.(mp4)$ {
        rewrite ^/(.*)\.mp4$ /$1 last;
        proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_cache ipfs;
        proxy_cache_valid  200 30d;
        expires max;
        mp4;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

}			
			
			

查看缓存情况

			
[root@netkiller ~]# find /var/cache/nginx/ipfs/
/var/cache/nginx/ipfs/
/var/cache/nginx/ipfs/47c3015c7a497f26f650a817f5a179ab			
			
			

1.8.20. HTTP Auth 认证冲突

nginx 代理 springboot,Springboot 使用了 JWT 认证,HTTP头为 Authorization: Bearer {BASE64}

admin.netkiller.cn 后台需要限制登陆,公司没有固定IP地址,尝试了 VPN 方案,被封。最终决定使用 HTTP Auth,HTTP Auth 使用 HTTP Authorization: Basic {BASE64}。

问题来了,由于HTTP的 key 都是 Authorization,Authorization: Basic 会覆盖掉 Authorization: Bearer 导致 Springboot 无法认证返回 401.

使用下面👇配置解决,注意⚠️调试的时候需要每次关闭浏览器,否则会保留状态,不生效。

		
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass_request_headers on;		
		
		

完成的例子

		
server {
    listen       80;
    listen       443 ssl http2;
    server_name  admin.netkiller.cn;

    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/admin.netkiller.cn.access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/admin.netkiller.cn.error.log;

    error_page 497 https://$host$uri?$args;
	
    if ($scheme = http) {
	    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }

    location / {
        auth_basic "Administrator's Area";
        auth_basic_user_file  htpasswd;
    	root   /opt/netkiller.cn/admin.netkiller.cn;
	    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
	    index  index.html;
    }

    location /api/ {
		auth_basic off;
		proxy_pass_request_headers on;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://api.netkiller.cn:8080/;
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }
}